"Stress, like Einstein's theory of relativity, is a scientific concept which has suffered from the mixed blessing of being too well known and too little understood."

(Dr Hans Selye)

Stress is the reaction people have to excessive pressure. The rapid pace of life today and everyone increased expectations mean that people have to tolerate more pressure now than ever before. They get used to living with stress, and strive to meet ever-increasing amounts while wondering why they do not seem able to get the pleasure out of life that they once did. More often than not this is because they fail to realize that stress needs to be handled.[6]

Stress is a part and parcel of everybody’s life. Though it is both for men and women who deal with stress, its women who tend to be its most common victim. And it is particularly working women category that finds itself struggling with stress more than others.

The term 'stress' is also used to describe the individual's response to pressure. The response can be psychological and/or behavioral. How the individual responds to the stressor will depend on their personality, their perceptions, and their past experience. Some stress is necessary in that it assists us in achieving both work and personal goals. However, too much stress can make those goals harder to achieve.[6]

WHAT IS STRESS?

· Researchers define stress as a physical, mental, or emotional response to events that causes bodily or mental tension. Simply put, stress is any outside force or event that has an effect on our body or mind.[2]

· In medical terms stress is described as, "a physical or psychological stimulus that can produce mental tension or physiological reactions that may lead to illness." When you are under stress, your adrenal gland releases corticosteroids, which are converted to cortisol in the blood stream. Cortisol have an immune suppressive effect in your body.[7]

· According to Richard S Lazarus, stress is a feeling experienced when a person thinks that "the demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize."

· Your body tries to adjust to different circumstances or continually changing environment around you. In this process, the body is put to extra work resulting in "wear and tear". In other words, your body is stressed. Stress disturbs the body's normal way of fun.[7]

TYPES OF STRESS:

There are many subcategories of stress that are being treated today, the major types of stress can be broken down into four different categories:

· Eustress,

· Hyperstress

· Hypostress,

· Distress

Hyper stress:

Hyper stress is the type of negative stress that comes when a person is forced to undertake or undergo more than he or she can take. A stressful job that overworks an individual will cause that individual to face hyper stress. A person who is experiencing hyper stress will often respond to even little stressors with huge emotional outbreaks.[3] It is important for a person who thinks they might be experiencing hyper stress to take measures to reduce the stress in their lives, because hyper stress can lead to serious emotional and physical repercussions.

Eustress:

Eustress is one of the helpful types of stress It is the type of stress you experience right before you have the need to exert physical force. Eustress prepares the muscles, heart, and mind for the strength needed for whatever is about to occur. When the body enters the fight or flight response, it will experience eustress. The eustress prepares the body to fight with or flee from an imposing danger Eustress can also apply to creative endeavors. When a person needs to have some extra energy or creativity, eustress kicks in to bring them the inspiration they need. For e.g.: An athlete will experience the strength that comes form eustress. [3]

Distress:

Distress is one of the negative types of stress. This is one of the types of stress that the mind and body undergoes when the normal routine is constantly adjusted and altered. The mind is not comfortable with this routine, and craves the familiarity of a common routine. Distress are actually of two types i.e.:

· Acute stress

· Chronic stress[4]

Acute Stress:

Acute stress is the type of stress that comes immediately with a change of routine. It is an intense type of stress, but it passes quickly. Acute stress is the body's way of getting a person to stand up and take inventory of what is going on, to make sure that everything is OK .

Chronic Stress:

Chronic stress will occur if there is a constant change of routine for week after week. Chronic stress affects the body for a long period of time. This is the type of stress experienced by someone who constantly faces moves or job changes.

Hypo stress:

The final of the four types of stress is hypo stress. Hypo stress stands in direct opposite to hyper stress. Hypo stress is basically insufficient amount of stress. That is because hypo stress is the type of stress experienced by a person who is constantly bored. Someone in an unchallenging job, such as a factory worker performing the same task over and over, will often experience hypo stress. The effect of hypo stress is feelings of restlessness and a lack of inspiration.[5]

Eu-Stress Vs Dys-Stress:

People normally have negative associations with stress. Logically, stress can be of two kinds:

a) Eu-Stress:

Everyone needs some "good stress" to act as an impetus to meet challenges in order to get the most out of life. The technical term for stress is 'arousal'. One needs to be sufficiently aroused to get out of bed and go to work. As the day goes on, you become more alert until you reach your optimum performance, which is when you do your best work.

b) Dys-Stress:

This results in feeling that the pressures in ones life have become overwhelming and one is no longer able to cope. It is the type of stress that people really mean when they say they are 'stressed' if left unresolved bad stress can escalate from a feeling of being crushed under to becoming physically ill.

Whether good stress becomes bad stress will very much depend on individual circumstances and personal strength.

STRESS AND WOMEN:

Business trips, field trips and trips to the grocery store. Dry cleaners, clean laundry, cleaning house, house warming’s and open house. Phone bills, billable hours, hours and hours of homework, and work to do at home. Today’s women have enough stress to put them over the edge. They are spread thin with responsibilities and stretched to the limit with the demands of family, career and home. They have been conditioned by traditional upbringing to conquer their household chores: cleanliness is next to godliness. Their hearts tell them to be a good wife, a good mother and a good daughter, and at the same time, their minds require that they be intellectually stimulated by a challenging career.[5] In many cases, economics require that the woman hold a full-time job outside the home.

Stress at work, the stress of raising children, the stresses that come with aging parents -- any of these situations could provide a moderately high amount of stress. When women are faced with multiple roles, all of which carry heavy demands, they face levels of stress that are high enough to contribute to health problems, missed work, and a diminished capacity to take on more. Finding balance -- of the roles we play and an "inner balance" -- can be challenging, but is vital to women’s health and wellbeing.[5]

FACTORS AFFECTING STRESS LEVEL OF MARRIED WORKING WOMEN:

Women experience more stress than ever. They are more active than ever before and have far more to do in the process of a day than ever before. With all of the things to do, there is even more stress to deal with. Women need stress relief more than ever. When it comes to stress, it can be hard to deal with and if it isn't taken care of, women can experience major health problems in the long run.[4] Not to mention that if you already have health problems, stress can make things even worse.

Given the very different chemical and hormonal make-ups of the two genders, women's health has emerged as a very specific branch of medical research. Thanks to all of this research, better and better answers have emerged for the problems that women of all ages face. The growing knowledge and popularity of women's health issues have spawned an entire product line of supplements and things that are specifically designed for women.[5]

Doctors have found out that the natural estrogen that a woman's body produces can be effectively replaced, thus reducing the difficult symptoms of menopause.[8] Research has shown that stimulating a woman's natural progesterone levels is particularly beneficial in numerous ways, most notably regarding troublesome conceptions. Even osteoporosis, which threatens all older women, has become a lot clearer in recent years.

Even cosmetic complaints, like the effects of aging and weight problems can be addressed in various ways. The most gentle and independently proactive solution is to help your body to help itself through the use of effective health supplements. Of course, you also have to eat right and exercise if you are interested in your overall health. When it comes to women's health, there are certain afflictions that are specific to women. Some of the most common problems women face are: hormonal imbalances, cervical cancers, uterine complications etc. Because of the changes in women's attitudes toward health, beauty, fitness and feminine strength, women are also challenging long-held ideas about aging and sexuality. Women don't just look younger and sexier longer these days; they are living longer as well. Enhanced awareness of nutrition and proper diet keeps our bodies healthier on a cellular level. Aerobic exercise keeps our hearts and vascular systems in peak condition. [11] Weight bearing exercise increases our bone density, making us stronger, more resistant to injury and even some illnesses. All this exercise can help you with stress relief, more positive attitudes and a better ability to grapple with anxiety and depression.

CAUSES OF STRESS:

Whenever our body feels something not favorable, then it tries to defend itself. If this situation continues for a long time, then our body is working overtime. There are several causes of stress. For example, you are under stress when you are worried about something, worried about your children, worried about the illness of your father, worried about your job security, or worried about your loans or similar things.[1]

You may be under stress due to several causes. Look at the following causes of stress.

Stress at home:

A family is a wonderful institution. Arguments within a family are common and can lead to stressful situations. Arguments with a spouse or with other family member, divorce of parents and marriage of children are some of the main cause of stress.

Health condition of the family member is also a major cause of stress, a sick family member or a serious injured person, pregnancy, miscarriage, abortion all such things causes stress. Adoption, relocation etc causes stress in the family. Family can be a source of great joy, but also great conflict, and conflict causes stress. Spouses who disagree, parents who nag, teenagers who don't cooperate, toddlers who throw tantrums, even pets who chew our favorite pair of slippers all cause stress. Most of us also constantly worry about our family members, and worry is just another word for stress. We are concerned about our family's safety, health and well-being, all of which are beyond our control. Another family factor as include family demands. Whether they are taking care of aging parents or trying to raise children and maintain a home, our schedules are full of family activities and school events.[13]

Personal-Concern:
All most every time personal concerns are created by others. And personal concern is also a leading cause for stress. Lack of self control is the main cause of stress. Every human being has a desire to have control over his or her own life. When this control weakens, we face stress.

Holding a job, participating in children’s carpool to school, shopping, scout meetings, trying to keep house hold running all these are the major causes of stress. You should always try to control your time rather than letting others control it.

Causes of Stress at Home:

· Death of spouse, family, near relative or friend.

· Injury or illness of any family member.

· Marriage of self or son or daughter or brother or sister.

· Separation or divorce from partner.

· Pregnancy or birth of a new baby.

· Children's behavior or disobedience.

· Children's educational performance.

· Hyperactive children.

· Argument or heated conversations with spouse, family members or friends or neighbors.

· Not sufficient money to meet out daily expenses or unexpected expenditure.

· Not sufficient money to raise your standard of living.

· Loss of money in burglary, pick-pocketed or share market.

· Moving house.

· Change of place or change of city or change of country.

Stress at the workplace:

Work plays a powerful role in people's lives and exerts an important influence on their well-being. Since the 1960s, paid work has occupied an increasing proportion of most people's lives. Although employment can be an exciting challenge for many individuals, it can also be a tremendous source of stress. Consequently, as work makes more and more demands on time and energy, individuals are increasingly exposed to both the positive and negative aspects of employment. The relationship between work and mental and physical health may also contribute to career adjustment as well as to the productivity and economic viability of companies.[12]

Three concepts are important to understanding this relationship:

· Stress is an interaction between individuals and any source of demand (stressor) within their environment.

· A stressor is the object or event that the individual perceives to be disruptive. Stress results from the perception that the demands exceed one's capacity to cope. The interpretation or appraisal of stress is considered an intermediate step in the relationship between a given stressor and the individual's response to it.

· Appraisals are determined by the values, goals, individual commitment, as personal resources (e.g., income, family, self-esteem), and coping strategies that employees bring to the situation.

Causes of Stress at Work:

· To meet out the demands of the job.

· Your relationship with colleagues.

· To control staff under you.

· To train your staff and take work from them.

· Support you receive from your boss, colleagues and juniors.

· Excessive work pressure.

· To meet out deadlines.

· To give new results.

· To produce new publications if you are in research area.

· Working overtime and on holidays.

· New work hours.

· Promotion or you have not been promoted or your junior has superseded you.

· Argument or heated conversations with co-workers or boss.

· Change of job.

· Work against will.

· Harassment.

Other Causes of Stress:

· Fear, intermittent or continuous.

· Threats: physical threats, social threats, financial threat, other threats.

· Uncertainty.

· Lack of sleep.

· Somebody misunderstands you.

· Setback to your position in society.

Common workplace stressors:

Examples of possible causes of stress are as follows.

Threats:

Threat such as:

· risk of harm caused by working in unsafe conditions

· the possibility of dismissal

· the rate of change

· the uncertainty of change

· poor interpersonal relationships with supervisors or co-workers

· harassment from others

· discrimination.

Pressure:

Pressure to:

· meet unreasonable deadlines

· adopt new technology

· adapt to certain management styles

· accept new goals and targets

· comply with unreasonable proposals

· accept and act upon performance feedback

Frustration:

Frustration from:

· Poor workplace communication and consultation

· lack of acknowledgment in the workplace that a stressor exists

· lack of acknowledgment of the individual's achievements

· being passed over for promotion

· not being suited for, or properly trained for a job.

Major stress:

Major stress can be caused by

· Personal loss, such as the death of a loved one or the end of a relationship

· threat of physical danger

· a major industrial accident

· loss of job³

The individual's response to workplace stress:

What may be significant in one person's mind may not be in another. It is often difficult for an employee to choose a rational response and they may internalize the stress. This could result in physiological, emotional and/or behavioral responses that are recognized as symptoms of stress.[12]

Examples of these include:

· Physiological change

· Increased blood pressure

· Tiredness

· Stomach ulcers

· Digestive disorders such as indigestion, constipation or diarrhea

· Weight loss or gain

· Headaches

Emotional Change:

· Increased tension

· Anxiety

· Depression

· Frustration

· Feelings of emptiness

Behavioral change:

· Over/under eating

· Misuse of alcohol and other drugs

· Interpersonal difficulties

· Difficulty in sleeping

· Aggressive or passive behavior

· Workplace conflict

· Absenteeism

Problems outside work can affect a person's ability to perform effectively at work. Stressors at home can affect those at work and vice versa. For example, working long hours, or away from home, taking work home and having higher responsibility can all have a negative effect on a person’s home life – something which is supposed to be a 'buffer' against the stressful events of work. In the same way, domestic problems such as childcare, financial or relationship problems can negatively affect a person’s work. The person loses out – as do their family and their employer. It becomes a vicious circle. [14]

FACTORS AFFECTING STRESS RELIF FOR WOMEN:

Women are five steps toward taking control of your life. Begin with these, and once you complete them, the rest should fall into place.

Learn to say “No”:

There are only twenty four hours in a day. Eight hours are set aside for sleep, approximately two hours for eating, and if you work full time, add eight more hours for work and about one-and-a-half-hours for commuting. That does not leave much time for family and home.

If for you, the answer to the question, “are you on overload?” is “yes”, then learn to say “no”. Cut out unnecessary activities, limit your telephone calls, trim your social calendar, and do not feel compelled to chair every organization’s committee or event. Activities can certainly go on without you. Learn to share or delegate responsibilities when you cannot avoid them, by having confidence in the abilities of others.

Prioritize your time and put you and your family first. There will always be other opportunities for philanthropic work and for saving the world, but children only grow up once. Be choosy. If it is your child’s school that calls you to service, consider involvement there, on a reasonable level. Children love to see their parents take an active role in their education.

Make family time:

After learning to say “no” and clearing your calendar, set aside time that is for family only. Designate special family nights or even entire weekends when you can spend quality time together. Pop popcorn and have a movie-viewing marathon on a rainy day, or go out for pizza. Bake cookies and decorate them. Spend the day at the beach or sightseeing in the city. Plant a vegetable garden or build a snowman. Read a long book aloud together, one chapter per week. Host a board game tournament or go on an all day outing. Go camping or visit a museum. Take a long drive or a short vacation. Whatever the activity, be sure that it is limited to your immediate family, and that there is an opportunity for conversation, laughing and fun.

At home, turn off the telephones, the television, the pager and the computer, and make it an old-fashioned, low-tech family day. Family meetings provide a golden opportunity for exchanging ideas, expressing feelings and keeping in touch. In addition, you will reap the added benefit of communicating with your children, and they will appreciate the attention.

Set aside time for your spouse (or significant other):

Now that you have blocked out time for your family, be sure not to forget your spouse. While it is important to spend time with your children, it is also important to maintain your relationship as a couple. And, as long as you do devote enough quality time to your children, there should be no guilt in spending a little bit of time without them.

First, hire a babysitter. Be sure it is someone you trust, and that it is someone who is mature, responsible and capable. If you feel that your children are in good hands, you are more apt to relax and enjoy your time away from them.

Make a date with your spouse – a romantic night out on the town, complete with dining and dancing, or go out to dinner and a movie. Laughing is a big stress buster. Plan activities that are fun and that have giggling potential. Try candlelight bowling, miniature golfing, roller or ice skating, or a visit to an amusement park. If too much structure means added stress for you, then a spontaneous picnic in the park or a long drive are better options. The key here is just to spend some time alone with your spouse, and have an opportunity to talk, to laugh and to enjoy each other.

Indulge in “your” time:

When both your children and spouse are covered, it is finally time to think of you. Though connecting with your family is important, it is critical that you care for yourself, physically and emotionally. Make time for a relaxing manicure, pedicure, or therapeutic massage. Steamy, hot bubble baths are especially soothing. Add soft music and the glow and aroma of scented candles, and you are sure to release some of the day’s stress. Long walks are particularly thought provoking and calming, or join an exercise class for some strenuous stress. Sip flavored coffee or chamomile tea by a fireplace, learn to meditate, or treat yourself to reading a thick romance novel.

Appeal to your intellect, expand your knowledge and enrich your life by joining a book club. The same holds true for enrolling in a course. Just be sure to choose a subject that you enjoy, and does not take too much time away from your family (that would be two steps backward).

Participate in an occasional girls’ night out. Though you have already trimmed your social calendar, it is important to maintain some contact with your female friends. Women need other women for emotional support, and there is nothing like a best friend who understands you and confides in you. [3]

Get rid of negative forces of energy:

After saying “no” and making time for yourself and your family, try to stay positive. Make this possible by getting rid of forces of energy that drain you. For instance, people who are continually negative or who turn to gossip can bring you down. This is a blow to self-esteem and is a time waster (and you already know how valuable time is). If suggestions to be more positive do not work, the best path is to gently distance yourself from these sources.

If the draining force of energy is not a person, it could be the feeling of being disorganized. When it is physical clutter that creates stress, the solution is sometimes as simple as hiring someone to clean or organize your home. In addition, it frees up time for you to spend with your family.

Finally, if the negative force is something inside of you, confront it and rid yourself of it. Commit to a diet and exercise program to shed unwanted pounds, work to overcome fears or attempt to mend a family feud. Once you remove these negative forces, you can gather up enough positive energy to move ahead. [6]

Some other factors which are also help in reducing stress in women:

· Think really seriously about and talk with others, to identify the causes of the stress and take steps to remove, reduce them or remove yourself from the situation that causes the stress.

· Understand the type(s) of stressors affecting you.

· Improve diet a balanced healthy diet is essential.

· reduce toxin intake - obviously tobacco, alcohol ,

· Take more exercise - generally, and at times when feeling very stressed - exercise burns up adrenaline and produces helpful chemicals and positive feelings.

· Don’t try to control things that are uncontrollable.

· Share worries - talk to someone else - off-load, loneliness is a big ally of stress, so sharing the burden is essential.

· Increase self-awareness of personal moods and feelings - anticipate and take steps to avoid stress build-up before it becomes more serious.

· Use relaxation methods - yoga, meditation, self-hypnosis, massage, and a breath of fresh air, anything that works and can be done in the particular situation.

· Taking a good night's sleep is vital for a healthy mind and body.

Rationale of the study:

The reason of doing this study is to find out why women get stressed and what the reasons behind that? There could be many reasons some of them are:

· Less time to spend with the family

· Unable to manage time between home and office and try to minimize those stresses.

· Overburden of work

· Unable to stop mixing of professional and personal life

· To meet out the demands of the job

· Death of spouse, family, near relative or friend

· Relationship with colleagues

· Excessive work pressure

· To meet out guidelines

· To give productive results

· Support received from seniors, colleagues and juniors[11]

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To Study The Factors Affecting Stress Level Of Married Working Women In Dual Income Family

This study examines the relationship between the job and home environment conditions and health outcomes in working women. The level of job and family distress was found to the best predictor of degree of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms in women who belongs to a dual income family.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Data collection:

There are two sources for the data collection:

i) Primary Sources: Our primary research is based on interviews conducted and information gathered through questionnaires..

ii) Secondary Sources: Secondary sources are interpretations of primary data. Secondary research includes information from magazines, internet, encyclopedia, books, newspaper articles, etc. I have conducted secondary research from Internet, magazines, newspaper, etc.[9]

Sample Size:

A sample of 100 Working Women is taken from all age group 20yrs – 60yrs is taken on the basis of convenience. The actual consumers are contacted on the basis of random sampling. [10]

Research Tools:

Statistical Tools and Techniques are used for analyzing.

DATA – ANALYSIS:

1. Which type of family you live in?
a)Joint	40%
b)Nuclear	58%
c)Couple	2%

2. Family Income

a)Rs.5,000-10,000	2%
c)Rs.10,000- 20,000	52%
d)Rs.20,000-50,000	31%
e)Rs.50,000 Above	15%

3.On which industry you are working presently?
a)Manufacturing	0%
b)Service	95%
c)Other	0%

4. What are your working hrs?
a)6hrs% 0%	0%
b)8-9hrs 95%	95%
c)12hrs 5%	5%
d)Beyond12hrs 0%	0%

5. Do you feel that you are under stress at your workplace?

a)Yes 51%

b)No 21%

c)Sometimes 28%

6. Factors affecting your stress level more…?
a)Work Related	31%
b)Family Related	30%
c)Both	39%

7. What are the factors that are causing you to be stressed out?
a)Working in changed circumstances 45%
b)Experiencing job insecurity 17%
d)Politics / Conflicts	51%
e)Too heavy workload 81%

8. Are you made to work sometimes beyond yours specific working hours?

a)Yes 67%

b)No 33%

9.How much time you spent with yours family

a)2-3hrs 50%

b)3-4hrs 42%

c)4-5hrs 8%

10. What you feel when you are stressed?

a)Angry 58%

b)Anxious 67%

c)Worried 55%

d)Other (unconsciousness, frustration) 5%

11. When you encounter any problem you..

a)Take it as a challenge

b)Think about what necessary steps to take to deal with it

c)Blame others for the problem

d)Resist the situation

12. When you are given more work than you can deal with, you?
a)Redouble your efforts in order to make ends meet	57%
b)Trace a course of action and slowly but shourly adapt the pressure	40%
c)Complain about it	3%
d)Will no accept	2%

13. What do you think are the effects of stress on you?
a)Physical	17%
b)Mental	35%
c)Both	48%

14. How do you recognize that you are stressed out?

a)Over-react and get frustrated with people

b)Argue

c)Have less energy than usual

d)Lose your control

e)Feel miserable and dull

15. Can you balance your personal and professional life equally
a)Yes	73%
b)No	0%
c)Somehow we manage to balance	27%

FINDINGS OF STUDY:

By conducting the survived we had had found followings factors :

40% women live in joint family, 58% women live in nuclear family and 2% women live in couple;

The women who are comes under age group of 48 yrs to 60 yrs having less stress

The women who comes under age the age of 20 yrs to 45yrs having more stress

The women working in Govt. Office they do not have stress at workplace but they get stress through their family.

The who are working in School in Colleges and belongs to nuclear family the had less stress at workplace and family both.

The women who belongs to joint family and works in Private BPO’s and Malls they had excessive stress level at both places i.e. work place and family.

The women who are having stress at home it is due to because they had many responsibilities and restrictions from family.

The women who are working in Private companies, BPO’S and Malls they are not able to balance / manage their personal and professional life equally.

At the time of any problem most of women take as a challenge and think about necessary steps to deal with it.

CONCLUSION:

Stress is what you feel when you have to handle more than you are used to. When you are stressed, your body responds as though you are in danger. It makes hormones that speed up your heart, make you breathe faster, and give you a burst of energy.

Some stress is normal and even useful. Stress can help if you need to work hard or react quickly. For example, it can help you win a race or finish an important job on time.

But if stress happens too often or lasts too long, it can have bad effects. It can be linked to headaches, an upset stomach, back pain, and trouble sleeping. It can weaken your immune system, making it harder to fight off disease. If you already have a health problem, stress may make it worse. It can make you moody, tense, or depressed. Your relationships may suffer, and you may not do well at work and family s

How can you avoid stress?

Stress is a fact of life for most people. You may not be able to get rid of stress, but you can look for ways to lower it.

You might try some of these ideas:

Learn better ways to manage your time. You may get more done with less stress if you make a schedule. Think about which things are most important, and do those first.

Find better ways to cope. Look at how you have been dealing with stress. Be honest about what works and what does not. Think about other things that might work better.

Take good care of yourself. Get plenty of rest. Eat well. Don't smoke. Limit how much alcohol you drink.

Try out new ways of thinking. When you find yourself starting to worry, try to stop the thoughts. Work on letting go of things you cannot change. Learn to say "no."

Speak up. Not being able to talk about your needs and concerns creates stress and can make negative feelings worse. Assertive communication can help you express how you feel in a thoughtful, tactful way.

Ask for help. People who have a strong network of family and friends manage stress better

Women experience more stress than ever. They are more active than ever before and have far more to do in the process of a day than ever before. With all of the things to do, there is even more stress to deal with. Women need stress relief more than ever. When it comes to stress, it can be hard to deal with and if it isn't taken care of, women can experience major health problems in the long run. Not to mention that if you already have health problems, stress can make things even worse.

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1. Gregory Moorhead, Ricky W. Griffin, (2005), Organizational Behavior, 7th Edition Biztantra pub.

2. Nirmal singh, (2002), Human Relations and Organizational Behavior, Deep and Deep pub.

3. Ajay Shukla, (2006), Stress Management, 2nd edition Unicorn pub. Suja R. Nair, (2005), Organizational Behavior, 1 st Edition, Himalaya pub., India.

4. Susan Chirayath, (2009), Organizational role stress and personality traits of software Engineers as revealed through Myers-Brigs type indicator (MBTI) GIM Journal of Management, vol.4, No.1 January-June.

5. Avinash Kumar Srivastav, (2007), Achievement climate in public sector – A cross functional study on relationship with stress and coping, IIMB Management Review, December, 2007.

6. Raji Nair, (June 2007), Stress management in ITeS organizations through system thinking and system dynamics presented at National conference on system dynamics organized by IPE and system dynamics society of India, 28-29.

7. Pradhumn Kumar, (Nov-2009), Employee burnout in the healthcare sector, ICFAI Univ. Press, HRM Review.

8. Reshma S Gavali, (Nov 2009), Applied ergonomics and ways to reduce work stress, ICFAI Univ. press, HRM Review,

9. R. Paneerselvam, (2005), Research Methodology, Prentice – hall pub.

10. Rangit Kumar, (2004), Research methodology, 2nd edition, Sage pub

11. Andres L M Larraz, (2011), Stress Management, Trafford pub, U.S.A.

12. Susan R Gregson, (2000), Stress Management, Capstone press, Minnesota.

13. Jonadhan G Smith, (2002), Stress Management, Springer Pub, New York.

14. James S Gordon, (2000), Stress Management, Chelsea House pub.

Received on 25.05.2015 Modified on 25.06.2015

Asian J. Management; 6(4): Oct. -Dec., 2015 page 265-275

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5763.2015.00039.6