A Study on Farmers' Perceptions towards MNREGA Scheme in Allahabad

 

Maneesh Kumar

Research Scholar, Economics, CSJM University, Kanpur

 

ABSTRACT:

The aim of this study is to debate the perception of farmers’ concerning MNREGA in Allahabad district. This study conjointly urged for up the MNREGA Program. The Act 2005 mandate enhancing bread and butter protection in rural areas by providing a minimum of a hundred days of secured wage employment in a very year to each social unit whose adult members to try to to unskilled manual work, the first objective of the Act 2005 is augmenting wage employment for the poorest of the poor whereas the secondary goal is to strengthen resource management through works that address causes of persistent impoverishment, like drought, and therefore push property development.  This paper is generally supported primary information to understand the perceptions of farmers concerning this theme. The first information was collected through the schedule by convenience sampling methodology from a hundred respondents in PhulpurTehsil of Allahabad District. The applied mathematics tools, namely, average rank and average score strategies were applied. The farmer’s most well-liked MNREGA theme as a results of supply of financial gain, gender equality, Payment mode and employment generation.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

objective is to strengthen resource management through works that address causes of chronic poorness, like drought, and therefore encourage property development.

 

A majority of the poor in rural areas of the country rely in the main on the wages they earn through unskilled, casual, manual labor. They’re typically on threshold levels of subsistence, and square measure liable to the likelihood of sinking from transient to chronic poorness. Inadequate labour demand or unpredictable crises which will be general in nature, like natural disaster or personal like ill-health, all adversely impact their employment opportunities.

 

in a very context of poorness & state, workfare programmes are vital interventions in developed in addition as developing countries for several years. These programmes usually offer unskilled manual staff with short-run employment on structure like, irrigation infrastructure, re-afforestation, conservation and building. The principle for workfare programmes rests on some basic concerns. The programmes offer financial gain transfers to poor households throughout

 

essential times and conjointly modify consumption smoothing, particularly throughout slack agricultural seasons or years. In countries with high state rates, transfer advantages from workfare programmes will forestall poorness from worsening, notably throughout lean periods.

 

Salient Options of the Act Square Measure Summarized Below:

a)        Adult members of a rural house might apply for employment if they're willing to try and do unskilled manual work.

b)       Such a house can need to apply for registration to the native Gram panchayet, in writing, or orally.

c)        The Gram panchayet when due verification can issue employment Card to the house as a full. The work Card can bear the photograph of all adult members of the house willing to figure underneath NREGA. The work Card with photograph is freed from price.

d)       Employment Card holding house might submit a written application for employment to the gram panchayet, stating the time and period that work is wanted. The minimum days of employment need to be fifteen.

e)        The Gram panchayet can issue a dated receipt of the written application for employment, against that the guarantee of providing employment at intervals fifteen days operates.

f)        Employment is given at intervals fifteen days of application for work by associate employment seeker.

g)        If employment isn't provided at intervals fifteen days, daily state allowance, in money has got to be paid. Liability of payment of state allowance is of the States.

h)       A minimum of third of persons to who work is assigned work need to be girls.

i)         Wages square measure to be paid in keeping with minimum wages as prescribed underneath the Minimum Wages Act 1948 for agricultural laborers within the State, unless the Centre notifies a wage rate which is able to not be but Rs. 60/ per day.

j)         Disbursement of wages has got to be done on weekly basis and not on the far side a two weeks.

k)       Panchayet rule establishments have a principal role in coming up with and implementation.

 

LITERATURE REVIEW:

Kareemulla et al. (2009) study six villages of Anantpur district in province. They realize that solely regarding twenty five p.c of the ponds that were preoccupied beneath MGNREGA were being used for irrigation; the most reason for such low utilization was that there was no provision of channeling water to the farm plots. They note but that the investment in ponds was serving to in recharging spring water IIFM (2010) check out 5 districts of Madhya Pradesh and finds a considerable increase in irrigated space as a consequence of the irrigation structures engineered through the MGNREGA. Tiwari et al. (2011) study irrigation and exploitation assets created beneath MGNREGA in Chitradurga district of Mysore. They report a big improvement in spring water level in 3 out of the six study villages, and a rise in total cropped space wherever exploitation works were undertaken through MGNREGA. Verma and monarch (2012) examine the potential of the irrigation assets made through MGNREGA in Bihar, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Kerala for the year2009/10 Mistreatment value profit analysis the study finds that eighty p.c of the assets created recovered their investment within the initial year itself. A study undertaken by the Indian Institute of Science (2013) finds a big improvement in spring water levels and irrigation facilities for farmers as a consequence of MGNREGA in province, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Imbert and Papp (2014) examine the impact of MGNREGA on employment publicly and personal works. Whereas they conjointly use the DID strategy to estimate causative impacts, in distinction to Azam’s study, they examine the impact of the theme on the composition of employment between public and personal works, and conjointly disaggregate the analysis by season. They realize a one.04 proportion points increase within the fraction of days spent publicly works throughout the time of year (defined as being from January to June), and a decline of one.23 proportion points in camera add an equivalent season. They interpret this finding as proof to counsel that personal sector employment is being substituted by construction employ mentin the time of year.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1.    To Study the perceptions of farmers towards the scheme of MNREGA.

2.    To suggest for improving the MNREGA Program.

3.    To study the salient features of MNREGA.

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Area of the study:

This study is confined to the Phulpur Tehsil, Allahabad only.

 

Sampling Design:

The sampling technique selected for the study is simple convenient sampling.

 

Sampling Unit:

The sample unit is the farmers of Phulpur Tehsil in Allahabad.

 

Sample size: The sample size is 100.

 

Source of data:

The data for this study has been collected from primary sources by means of schedule.

 

Statistical tools:

The following were the statistical tools applied for the analysis of data collected Average rank analysis, Average score analysis.

 

 

Table No. 1 Perception of Farmers towards MNREGA

Perception of Farmers towards MNREGA	Rank I	Rank II	Rank III	Rank IV	Rank V	Total	Mean
	5	4	3	2	1
Source of Income	82	7	5	4	2	100
Score	410	28	15	8	2	463	4.63
Employment Generation	33	29	18	17	3	100
Score	165	116	54	34	3	372	3.72
Standard of living	27	21	23	19	10	100
Score	135	84	69	38	10	336	3.66
Gender Equality	76	8	9	3	4	100
Score	380	32	27	6	4	449	4.49
Reduce Migration	35	22	16	13	16	100
Score	175	88	48	26	16	353	3.53
Growth of local Economy	14	11	24	23	26	100
Score	70	44	72	46	26	258	2.58
Infrastructure Development	27	22	17	21	13	100
Score	135	88	51	42	13	329	3.29
Payment Mode	41	29	15	11	4	100
Score	205	116	45	22	4	392	3.92
Id Card	16	25	14	25	20	100
Score	80	100	42	50	20	292	2.92
Corruption	39	26	19	9	7	100
Score	195	104	57	18	7	381	3.81

 

From the above table 1 it is clear understood that the highest scoring has been given to source of income this indicated that MNREGA is the biggest source of income in rural area. The next second highest score has been given to gender equality that means male and female have equally participated in this scheme. The third highest score has been given to payment of mode. It is shows that farmers positive perceptions towards payment of mode. The fourth highest score has been given to corruption because few famers admitted that there are corruption exists in the implementation of this scheme. The next highest score has been given to employment generation and standard of living.

 

CONCLUSION:

This study discuss to the perception of farmers towards MNREGA. Most of the farmers are satisfied with the MNREGA scheme because they got the job security in their native place and local environments. Therefore MNREGA is a most popular scheme of job providing to local rural un- skilled people. One of the major hurdles is the lack of cooperation between the state governments and the centre. Enthusiasm among the states has been inconsistent and the poorest states of Bihar, Orissa and Jharkhand have not implemented it effectively. State governments have employment guarantee schemes and need to co-ordinate with the central government. The absence of such a co-operation adversely affects the functioning of the scheme. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was the first attempt to codify development rights in a legal context. Although it is not the key to the rejuvenation of rural areas or the end of poverty in India, it is a chance for the rural poor that live on the margins to stake a small claim in the development process. India has over 260 million people living below poverty line; MNREGA, although not flawless, could prove to be their chance to rise out of absolute poverty and begin to reap the fruits of development the rest of the country is enjoying.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     https://www.ukessays.com/essays/economics/the-mahatma-gandhi-national-rural-employment-guarantee-act-economicsessay.php/Retrieved/06/07/2017.

2.     Imbert, C., and J.Papp.2014. “Labor Market Effects of Social Programs: Evidence from India’s Employment Guarantee.” Working Paper. Paris: Paris School of Economics.

3.     Kareemulla, K., K.S. Reddy, C.A.R. Rao, S. Kumar, B. Venkateswarlu. 2009. “Soil and Water Conservation Works through National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in Andhra Pradesh-Analysis of Livelihood Impact.” Agricultural Economics Research Review 22: 443-50.

4.     Tiwari, R., H.I. Somashekhar, V.R. Ramakrishna Parama, I.K. Murthy, M.S. Mohan Kumar, B. K. Mohan Kumar, H. Parate, M. Varma, S. Malaviya, A.S. Rao, A. Sengupta, R. Kattumuri, N.H. Ravindranath. 2011. “MGNREGA for environmental service enhancement and vulnerability reduction: Rapid appraisal in Chitradurga district.” Economic and Political Weekly 46(20): 39-47.

5.     Verma, S., and T. Shah.2012. “Beyond Digging and Filling Holes: Lessons from Case Studies of Best performing MGNREGA water assets.” Water Policy Research Highlight: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) - TATA Water Policy Program.

 

 

 

Accepted on 21.09.2017                © A&V Publications all right reserved