ABSTRACT:
Occupational stress is a result of high intensity threat or challenge caused by any stressor including poor communication between employee and management, continuous and sudden change, unsympathetic organizational culture, bullying and harassment, biased promotions, no job security, family-work conflict, relentless demands and toxic work environment. Several researches concluded that workplace spirituality has a significant impact on work attitudes like organizational performance, job involvement, job commitment, and job satisfaction as a whole. The main objective of the current study is to understand the concept of spiritual intelligence, identify the need of Spirituality in workplace and examine the impact of spiritual intelligence on occupational stress based on a case study. The results of the case study support the proposed hypothesis that workplace spirituality buffers or moderates the effect of stress on health. The findings of the case study indicate that stress has a negative relationship with health. When employees have a high level of stress, they exhibit more symptoms of poor health, and vice versa. Workplace spirituality does help to decrease the perception of workplace stressors, and thus contributes to a sense of well-being.
Cite this article:
Satarupa Datta. Mitigation of Occupational Stress through Spirituality: A Review Based on Case Study. Asian Journal of Management. 2024;15(3):277-2. doi: 10.52711/2321-5763.2024.00044
Cite(Electronic):
Satarupa Datta. Mitigation of Occupational Stress through Spirituality: A Review Based on Case Study. Asian Journal of Management. 2024;15(3):277-2. doi: 10.52711/2321-5763.2024.00044 Available on: https://ajmjournal.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-15-3-11
REFERENCES:
1. Amram Y. The seven dimensions of spiritual intelligence: An Ecumenical, Grounded Theory Paper accepted to the 115th ANNUAL Conference of the APA, San Francisco. 2007. http://www.yosiamram.net/papers/.
2. Arnetz, B B, Ventimiglia, M, Beech, P, Marinis, V.D, Lökk, J and Arnetz, J.E. Spiritual Values and Practices in the Workplace and Employee Stress and Mental Well-Being. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion. 2013; 10(3): 271-81.
3. Ashmos, D and Duchon, D. Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure. Journal of Management Inquiry. 2000; 9(2): 134-145.
4. Bell, A, Rajendran, D and Theiler, S. Spirituality at Work: An Employee Stress Intervention for Academics? International Journal of Business and Social Science. 2012; 3(11): 68-82.
5. Cavanagh, G. F. Spirituality for managers: Context and critique. Journal of Organizational Change Management. 1999; 12(3): 186–199.
6. Chand, P., Koul, H. (2012) Workplace spirituality, organizational emotional ownership and job satisfaction as moderators in coping with job stress. Paper presented at the International Conference on Humanities, Economics and Geography, Bankok.
7. Colligan, T. W. and Eileen M H. Workplace Stress: Etiology and Consequences. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health. 2006; 21(2): 89-97.
8. Costa, G. The Impact of Shift and Night Work on Health. Applied Ergonomics. 1996; 27(1): 9-16.
9. Elam, D. A. (2000). An exploration of the relationship between spirituality and emotional well-being. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.
10. Ellison, C.G. Religious involvement and subjective well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour. 1991; 32: 80 – 99.
11. Flood, G D. (1996) An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press.
12. Gall, TL, Charbonneau, C, Clarke, NH, Grant, K, Joseph, A and Shouldice, L Understanding the nature and role of spirituality in relation to coping and health: A conceptual framework. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne. 2005; 46(2); 88-104.
13. Hardie, E, Kashima, ES and Pridmore, P. The influence of relational, individual and collective self-Aspects on stress, uplifts and health', Self and Identity. 2005; 4(1): 1-24.
14. Houston, D, Meyer, LH and Paewai, S. Academic staff workloads and job satisfaction: Expectations and values in academe, Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. 2006; 28(1): 17-30.
15. Jacobs, JA and Winslow, SE. Overworked faculty: Job stresses and family demands. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 2004; 596(1); 104-129.
16. Hudson, R. and Sullivan, T.A. (1990). The Social Organization of Work, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
17. Krishna Kumar, S and Neck, C. The “what”, ”why” and “how” of spirituality in the work place. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 2002; 17.
18. Kumar.V and Kumar, S. Workplace spirituality as a moderator in relation between stress and health: An exploratory empirical assessment. International Review of Psychiatry. 2014; 26(3): 344–351.
19. Kumar, T., and Pragadeeswaran, S. Effects of occupational stress on spiritual quotient among executives. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance. 2011; 2: 288–292.
20. Lazarus, RS and Folkman, S (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping, Springer Publishing Company Inc., New York.
21. Levin M.(2000) Spiritual intelligence: Awakening the power of your spirituality and intution” London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2000.
22. Lokeswarananda, S. (2018). Practical Spirituality, Ramkrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Kolkata.
23. Marques, J, Dhiman, S and King, R. Spirituality in the workplace: Developing an integral model and a comprehensive definition. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. 2005; 7(1): 81-91.
24. Miller, L., Wickramaratne, P., Gameroff, M.J., Sage, M., Tenke, C.E., and Weissman, M.M. Religiosity and major depression in adults at high risk: A ten-year prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2012; 169: 89 – 94.
25. Mitroff, I. and E. Denton. A study of spirituality in the workplace. Sloan Management Review. 1999; 40.
26. Murphy, L R. (1995). "Occupational Stress Management: Current Status and Future Directions."
27. Nasel DD. (2004). Spiritual orientation in relation to spiritual intelligence: A new consideration of Christianity and new age/ individualistic spirituality Doctoral Dissertation, University of South Australia, Australia.
28. Pawar, B. S. Two approaches to workplace spirituality facilitation: A comparison and implications. Leadership and Organization Development Journal. 2008; 29(6): 544-567.
29. Pawar, B. S. Workplace spirituality facilitation: A comprehensive model. Journal of Business Ethics. 2009; 90(3): 375– 386.
30. Rani, A.A., Ghani, A.A. and Ahmad, S. The Impact of Spiritual Intelligence in Reducing Job Stress: Case studies in Malaysia University of East Coast of Malaysia. The Macrotheme Review. 2013; 2(4): 183-192.
31. Rayner, C, and Helge H. A summary review of literature relating to workplace bullying. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. 1997; 7(3): 181-191.
32. Sengupta, P. Health Impacts of Yoga and Pranayama: A State-of-the-Art Review. International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2012; 3(7); 444.
33. Seyle, H. The Stress Concept Today. Handbook on Stress and Anxiety. 1980: 127-43.
34. Sinha, M. Managing Constructive and Destructive Emotions: Indian Psycho-Spiritual Perspective. Stress and Work: Perspectives on Understanding and Managing Stress. 2013; 278.
35. Srivastava, P.S. Spiritual intelligence: An overview, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development. 2016; 3(3); 224-227.
36. Wigglesworth C. Why spiritual intelligence is essential to mature leadership. Integral Leadership Review. 2006; 6:3.
37. Zinnbauer, B.J., Pargament, K.I., and Scott, A.B. The emerging meanings of religiousness and spirituality: Problems and prospects. Journal of Personality. 1999; 67: 889-919.
38. Zohar, D. and Marshall, I. (2000). SQ: Connecting With Our Spiritual Intelligence. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.